What is child abuse?

Child abuse is any mistreatment of a child that results in harm or injury and that has no reasonable explanation. The first step in helping children is learning to recognize the signs of child abuse and neglect. If you suspect a child is being harmed, reporting your concerns may protect the child and get help for the family. Contact your local child protective services agency or police department. There are four major types of child maltreatment: neglect, physical abuse, sexual abuse and emotional abuse.

• Neglect is the failure to provide for a child's basic needs including physical, educational and emotional needs.
• Physical abuse is (ranging from minor bruises to severe fractures or death) as a result of punching, beating, kicking, biting, shaking, throwing, stabbing, choking, hitting, burning, or otherwise harming a child.
• Sexual abuse includes activities such as fondling a child's genitals, penetration, incest, rape, sodomy, indecent exposure and commercial exploitation through prostitution or pornographic materials.
• Emotional abuse is any pattern of behavior that impairs a child's emotional development or sense of self-worth. This may include constant criticism, threats, or rejection, as well as withholding love, support and guidance.

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